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Conventional Bearing

This document discusses factors to consider when selecting bearings, including available space, loads, speeds, temperatures, and contamination levels. It then describes boundary dimensions that define a bearing's size, how bearings are designated using identification codes, and how load ratings and basic rating life are determined. Finally, it discusses considerations for radial and thrust bearings, including how to calculate equivalent loads, and notes that deep groove ball bearings can accommodate both radial and axial loads. Proper grease selection is important for low speed applications.

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Waqas
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46 views

Conventional Bearing

This document discusses factors to consider when selecting bearings, including available space, loads, speeds, temperatures, and contamination levels. It then describes boundary dimensions that define a bearing's size, how bearings are designated using identification codes, and how load ratings and basic rating life are determined. Finally, it discusses considerations for radial and thrust bearings, including how to calculate equivalent loads, and notes that deep groove ball bearings can accommodate both radial and axial loads. Proper grease selection is important for low speed applications.

Uploaded by

Waqas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conventional bearing

Bearing selection

There are a number of factors that go into


the bearing selection process:
• available space
• loads (magnitude and direction)
• misalignment
• precision (dimensional and
geometrical tolerances)
stiffness (the elastic deformation
(deflection) in the bearing under load)

• speeds
• operating temperature
• vibration levels
• contamination levels
• lubrication type and method\

Once a suitable bearing has been selected,


there are several other factors that need to be
considered:
• suitable form and design of other components in the arrangement
• appropriate fits and bearing internal clearance or preload
• locking devices
• adequate seals
• the type and quantity of lubricant
• mounting and dismounting methods
Boundary dimensions
Boundary dimensions are the main dimensions
of a bearing. They comprise:
• the bore diameter (d)
• the outside diameter (D)
• the width or height (B, C, T or H)
• the chamfer dimensions (r)
contact angle a,
The boundary dimensions for standard metric
bearings are contained in the general plans as
specified in ISO (International Organization for
Standardization) standards:

Basic designation of bearing

A basic designation typically contains three to


five digits. Some products, like cylindrical
roller bearings, can have a combination of
alphanumeric characters. The number
and letter combin ations have the following
meaning:
• The first digit or letter or combination of letters
identifies the bearing type and eventually
a basic variant.
• The following two digits identify the ISO
dimension series. The first digit indicates
the width or height series (dimensions B, T
or H). The second digit identifies the diameter
series (dimension D).
• The last two digits of the basic designation
identify the size code of the bearing bore.
The size code multiplied by 5 gives the bore
diameter (d) in mm.
Bearing life
The individual life of a rolling bearing is
expressed as the number of revolutions or the
number of operating hours at a given speed
that the bearing is capable of enduring before
the first sign of metal fatigue (spalling) occurs
on a raceway of the inner or outer ring or a
rolling element.
Load ratings
A bearing is typically selected on the basis of
its load rating relative to the applied loads and
the requirements regarding bearing life and
reliability. Values for the basic dynamic load
rating C and the basic static load rating C0 are
listed in the product tables.
Dynamic load ratings
The basic dynamic load rating C is used for life
calculations involving dynamically stressed
bearings, i.e. bearings that rotate under load
It expresses the bearing load that will result in
an ISO 281 basic rating life of 1 000 000 revolutions
It is assumed that the load is constant
in magnitude and direction and is radial for
radial bearings and axial, acting centrically, for
thrust bearings.
Static load ratings
The basic static load rating as defined in
ISO 76 corresponds to a calculated contact
stress at the centre of the most heavily loaded
rolling element / raceway contact. The contact
stress values are:
• 4 600 MPa for self-aligning ball bearings
• 4 200 MPa for all other ball bearings
• 4 000 MPa for all roller bearings
The basic static load rating C0 is used under
the following conditions:
• very low rotational speeds (n < 10 r/min)
• very slow oscillating movements
• stationary bearings under load for extended
Periods
Basic rating life
The basic rating life of a bearing in accordance
with ISO 281 is

If the speed is constant, it is often preferable


to calculate the life expressed in operating
hours using

where
L10 = basic rating life (at 90% reliability)
[million revolutions]
L10h = basic rating life (at 90% reliability)
[operating hours]
C = basic dynamic load rating [kN]
P = equivalent dynamic bearing load [kN]

n = rotational speed [r/min]


p = exponent of the life equation
= 3 for ball bearings
= 10/3 for roller bearings
Radial bearings
Radial bearings accommodate loads that are
predominantly perpendicular to the shaft. The
bearings are typically classified by the type of
rolling element and shape of the raceways

Thrust bearings
Thrust bearings accommodate loads that are
predominantly in the direction of the shaft.
The bearings are typically classified by the
type of rolling elem ent and shape of the

raceways.

equivalent dynamic bearing load


Radial bearings are often subjected to simultaneously
acting radial and axial loads. If the
resultant load is constant in magnitude and
direction, the equivalent dynamic bearing load
P can be obtained from the general equation

where
P = equivalent dynamic bearing load [kN]
Fr = actual radial bearing load [kN]
Fa = actual axial bearing load [kN]
X = radial load factor for the bearing
Y = axial load factor for the bearing
Deep groove ball bearings are particularly
versatile. They are simple in design, nonseparable,
suitable for high and very high
speeds and are robust in operation, requiring
little maintenance
Single row deep groove ball bearings
SKF single row deep groove ball bearings
(† fig. 1) have deep, uninterrupted raceway
grooves. These raceway grooves have a close
osculation with the balls, enabling the bearings
to accommodate radial loads and axial
loads in both directions.

X = calculation factor for the


radial load
Y=calculation factor for the axial load
Fa= axial load
Fr=radial load
e = limit for the load ratio
depending on the
relationship f0 Fa/C0
f0=calculation factors (from tables )

Very low speeds


Selecting the proper grease and grease fill is
very important for low speed applications.
Bearings that operate at very low speeds
under light loads require a low consistency
grease. Bearings that operate at low speeds
under heavy loads should be lubricated with
a grease that has a high viscosity base oil containing
EP additives.
Solid additives such as graphite and molybdenum
disulfide (MoS2) can be considered for
a speed factor A < 20 000 mm/min.
A = speed factor [mm/min

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