Scribd
Upload
47 views

Fig 4.1 Flow Chart of Existing System

The existing system uses equalizers like zero forcing, minimum mean square error, and maximum likelihood to combat inter-symbol interference caused by channel distortion and delay. The proposed system evaluates the performance of zero forcing and minimum mean square error equalization techniques in reducing the bit error rate for BPSK modulation over a MIMO-OFDM system with Rayleigh fading channels. It analyzes the performance of different equalization techniques and provides bit error rate analysis.

Uploaded by

Anonymous O4WIVvmEEo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views

Fig 4.1 Flow Chart of Existing System

The existing system uses equalizers like zero forcing, minimum mean square error, and maximum likelihood to combat inter-symbol interference caused by channel distortion and delay. The proposed system evaluates the performance of zero forcing and minimum mean square error equalization techniques in reducing the bit error rate for BPSK modulation over a MIMO-OFDM system with Rayleigh fading channels. It analyzes the performance of different equalization techniques and provides bit error rate analysis.

Uploaded by

Anonymous O4WIVvmEEo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Existing system

Once the signal passes through the channel, distortion is Introduced with regards to amplitude
and delay, which results with Inter Symbol Interference (ISI).ISI distorts the transmitted data,
causing bit errors at the receivers has been recognized while the major drawback in top speed
data transmission over wireless channels. Therefore we implement equalizers to combat the
effect the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) this equalizers namely Zero forcing equalizer (ZFE),
minimum mean square error (MMSE) and maximum likelihood (ML).

Model of MIMO system

Inverting the channel matrix

Solve for x by chosing min


error vector

Differentiate the MIN error


vector

Approximate solution of min


error vector

Fig 4.1 Flow chart of existing system

Proposed system

Fading effects will be the major effects to be viewed at the receiver. Fading effects should be
mitigated at the receiver before demodulation by utilizing equalization techniques. Equalizer is
employed to permit recovery of the transmit symbols, that will be the major factor in charge of
the Bit Error Rate (BER). In this Zero Forcing equalization and Minimum Mean Square Error
equalization techniques are presented for decrease in bit error rate for the BPSK modulation
technique. The performance is evaluated with regards to BER versus SNR. The performance of
MIMO-OFDM system is evaluated by utilizing different Equalization techniques such as for
example as an example Zero forcing equalizer (ZFE), minimum mean square error (MMSE) and
maximum likelihood (ML) detection algorithms could possibly be employed. This work will
analyze the performance of equalization techniques by considering multiple transmit and
multiple receive antenna over an apartment fading Rayleigh channel and provides bit error rate
analysis of the same. MIMO system transmission with Binary Phase Shift Keying Modulation
(BPSK) in Rayleigh fading channel is considered.
Start

N= 10^6

Eb/No=[0;25]

nTx=M

Nrx =N

Generate Data

BPSK Modulation

Grouping (NTx)

Rayleigh &AWGN

h= h(ntx,nrx)

ML ZF
Choose

Equalizer

e
MMSE
equeer

Gen ideal ((h*h)-Ih*)Y


((h*h)-Ih*)Y

(Ideal Y)=P

Min(P) & Ideal

Quantization

BER calculation

Plot results

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy