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Fluid Dynamics Past Exam Solution

This document contains a sample mid-session exam for an Introduction to Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer course. The exam contains 5 questions testing concepts related to fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and fluid flow. It provides instructions for candidates taking the exam, including the time allowed, number of questions, and materials permitted. The questions require calculations and derivations related to fluid properties, flow regimes, velocity profiles, drag forces, and pump power requirements.

Uploaded by

Paulo Pollo
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
518 views

Fluid Dynamics Past Exam Solution

This document contains a sample mid-session exam for an Introduction to Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer course. The exam contains 5 questions testing concepts related to fluid dynamics, heat transfer, and fluid flow. It provides instructions for candidates taking the exam, including the time allowed, number of questions, and materials permitted. The questions require calculations and derivations related to fluid properties, flow regimes, velocity profiles, drag forces, and pump power requirements.

Uploaded by

Paulo Pollo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name of Candidate: ______________

Student ID: ______________


Signature: ______________

THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES


SAMPLE MID-SESSION EXAM
MATS 2005
INTRODUCTION TO FLUID DYNAMICS AND HEAT TRANSFER

(1) TIME ALLOWED 110 minutes


(2) TOTAL NUMBER OF QUESTIONS - 5
(3) ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
(4) THIS PAPER MAY NOT BE RETAINED BY THE CANDIDATE
(5) CANDIDATES MAY BRING: Calculators and Drawing Instruments

ANSWERS MUST BE WRITTEN IN INK. EXCEPT WHERE THEY ARE EXPRESSLY


REQUIRED, PENCILS MAY ONLY BE USED FOR DRAWING, SKETCHING OR
GRAPHICAL WORK.

************************

NB: State clearly assumptions, if any, made in your equation derivation and/or
calculation.

1. Answer the following questions (20 marks)

(a) Briefly discuss the physical principle based on which the Navier-Stokes equation is
derived.
(b) Briefly discuss the Bernoullis equation for viscous flow.

Solution:
See lecture note
2. Develop an expression for the velocity distribution for flow of a fluid (density = ,
viscosity = ) in a vertical cylinder of diameter D and length L. Illustrate the velocity and
shear stress distributions within the fluid. Assuming the flow is the laminar flow in a steady
state and the pressure drop through the cylinder is P. (20 Marks)
Solution:
See lecture note.

3. The surface of a plane, which is inclined to the vertical at 60o, is coated with a film of
lubricating oil of thickness 1 x 10-4 m and viscosity 1.96 x 10-2 Pa.s. Calculate the terminal
velocity reached by a cubical box of mass 20 kg and dimensions 1m x 1m x 1m when it is
placed on the inclined plane and allowed to slide on the film of oil. (20 Marks)

Solutions:
At the terminal velocity, the shear force should be equal to the gravity component at the
displacement direction. So
By setting a coordinate system with x being the flow direction and y=0 at the plane, the shear
stress is
mg cos( ) 20 9.81 cos(60)
yx = 98.1Pa
A 1 1
As the flow is a Couette flow.
v v
yx 1.96 102 4
Y 10
v 0.5m / s

4. A spherical lead shot of diameter 3 mm is fired upward into still air at 300 K over open
water. Calculate:
(a) The drag force that the shot experiences as it leaves the gun barrel at a velocity of 150 m/s
(b) The termil1al velocity that it attains when it falls through the still air.
The density and viscosity of air at 300K are 1.177kg/m3 and 1.8510-5 Pas, the density of
lead is 11,340 kg/m3.
Friction factor: f =24/Re for Re < 0.1; f =18.5/(Re3/5) for 2 < Re < 5 102; f = 0.44 for 5102 <
Re < 105. (20 Marks)

Solutions:
a) When the shot leaves gun, the Reynolds number is
vD
Re 2.86 104

So, it is in the Newtons region with f = 0.44
D2
(1/ 2 v ) 4.12 10 N
2
Fk fAK f 2

4
b) When the shot falls down in the air and reaches the terminal velocity
1/2
4 s D
vt g
3 f
Assuming the Newtons region with f = 0.44
1/2
4 s D
vt g 29.3m / s
3 f
Check Reynolds number
vD
Re 5588

5. In the figure water at 300 K is being pumped from the lower reservoir to the higher
reservoir through a pipe of 0.25 m diameter and equivalent length 75 m. Calculate the power
rating of the pump required to pump water at a flow rate of 0.2m3/s. The efficiency of pump
is 75%.

Data: the friction factor is 9.5 x 10-3. (20 Marks)

Solution:
Select the free surface of the fluid in the lower tank as location 1 and the free surface of the
fluid in the upper tank as location 2.
Set Bernoullis equation to the energy balance at two locations:
P2 P1
w ( 21 v22 21 v12 ) g ( z2 z1 ) E f

With P2=P1, v2=v1
w g ( z2 z1 ) E f

g ( z2 z1 ) 9.81 32 313.92 J / kg
Q 0.2
v 4.07m / s
A ( 0.252 / 4)

L L 2 1 1
Ef 2 f e v e f ( contraction ) v 2 e f (exp ension ) v 2
D D fittings 2 2

75 1 1
2 0.0095 0.5 1 4.07
2

0.25 2 2
107.07 J / kg
w g ( z2 z1 ) E f 313.92 107.07 421J / kg
So the power required
W wM / 0.75 421 0.2 1000 / 0.75 112.26kw

-------------------------------------- END -----------------------------------------------

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