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Tutorial 2 Fluid Static

This document contains a tutorial on fluid statics and hydrostatic pressure with 14 questions in Part A about pressure measurement and calculations involving vacuum gauges, manometers, and fluid depths. Part B has 3 additional questions involving hydrostatic forces on surfaces like plates, gates, and curved troughs submerged in water. Key concepts covered include absolute pressure, atmospheric pressure, gage pressure, pressure measurement devices, effects of fluid depth and density on pressure, and calculating hydrostatic forces on different surface geometries.

Uploaded by

Aiman Hakim
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
624 views

Tutorial 2 Fluid Static

This document contains a tutorial on fluid statics and hydrostatic pressure with 14 questions in Part A about pressure measurement and calculations involving vacuum gauges, manometers, and fluid depths. Part B has 3 additional questions involving hydrostatic forces on surfaces like plates, gates, and curved troughs submerged in water. Key concepts covered include absolute pressure, atmospheric pressure, gage pressure, pressure measurement devices, effects of fluid depth and density on pressure, and calculating hydrostatic forces on different surface geometries.

Uploaded by

Aiman Hakim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TUTORIAL 2: FLUID STATIC: HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

This tutorial questions are divided into two parts which is Part A and B.
Part A contains tutorial questions from subtopic static of fluid system and pressure measurement.
Part B contains tutorial questions from subtopic hydrostatic force on a plain surface, curved surface and movable control
gate.

Part A
1.

A vacuum gage connected to a chamber reads 24 kPa at a location where the atmospheric pressure is 92 kPa.
Determine the absolute pressure in the chamber.

2.

The absolute pressure in water at a depth of 5 m is read to be 145 kPa. Determine (a) the local atmospheric
pressure, and (b) the absolute pressure at a depth of 5 m in a liquid whose specific gravity is 0.85 at the same
location.

3.

A vacuum gage connected to a tank reads 30 kPa at a location where the barometric reading is 755 mmHg.
Determine the absolute pressure in the tank. Take the density of mercury to be 13,590 kg/m 3.

4.

A pressure gage connected to a tank reads 500 kPa at a location where the atmospheric pressure is 94 kPa.
Determine the absolute pressure in the tank.

5.

The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 mbars at the beginning of a hiking trip and 780 mbars at the end.
Neglecting the effect of altitude on local gravitational acceleration, determine the vertical distance climbed.
Assume an average air density of 1.20 kg/m3.

6.

Determine the pressure exerted on a diver at 30 m below the free surface of the sea. Assume a barometric
pressure of 101 kPa and a specific gravity of 1.03 for seawater.

7.

Determine the atmospheric pressure at a location where the barometric reading is 750 mmHg. Take the density
of mercury to be 13,600 kg/m3.

8.

The gage pressure in a liquid at a depth of 3 m is read to be 28 kPa. Determine the gage pressure in the same
liquid at a depth of 12 m.

9.

Pressure is often given in terms of a liquid column and is expressed as pressure head. Express the standard
atmospheric pressure in terms of (a) mercury (SG = 13.6), (b) water (SG = 1.0), and (c) glycerin (SG =1.26)
columns. Explain why we usually use mercury in manometers.

10.

The basic barometer can be used to measure the height of a building. If the barometric readings at the top and
at the bottom of a building are 730 and 755 mmHg, respectively, determine the height of the building. Assume
an average air density of 1.18 kg/m3.

11.

A gasoline line is connected to a pressure gauge through a double-U manometer, as shown in Figure 2. If the
reading of the pressure gage is 330kPa. Determine the gauge pressure of the gasoline line.

Figure 2
12.

Freshwater and seawater flowing in parallel horizontal pipelines are connected to each other by a double Utube manometer, as shown in Fig. 3. Determine the pressure difference between the two pipelines. Take the
density of seawater at that location to be 1035 kg/m3. Can the air column be ignored in the analysis?

Figure 3

13. The gage pressure of the air in the tank shown in Fig. 4 is measured to be 65 kPa. Determine the differential
height h of the mercury column.

Figure 4

14.

The pressure difference between an oil pipe and water pipe is measured by a double-fluid manometer, as
shown in Fig. 5. For the given fluid heights and specific gravities, calculate the pressure difference.

Figure 5

15.

For the inclined-tube manometer of Fig. 6 the pressure in pipe A is 4.1 kPa. The fluid in both pipes A and B is
water, and the gage fluid in the manometer has a specific gravity of 2.6. What is the pressure in pipe B
corresponding to the differential reading shown?

0.07 m

0.2 m
0.07 m

Figure 6

Part B
1. A 6-m-high, 5-m-wide rectangular plate blocks the end of a 5-m-deep freshwater channel, as shown in Fig. 1.
The plate is hinged about a horizontal axis along its upper edge through a point A and is restrained from
opening by a fixed ridge at point B. Determine the force exerted on the plate by the ridge.

5m

Figure 1
2. A triangular gate shown in Figure 2 has an angle of 65 from the bottom of a water tank. Determine the resulting
force (FR) acting on the gate and its line of action (yR).

Figure 2
3. A water trough of semi-circular cross section of radius 0.5 m consists of two symmetric parts hinged to each
other at the bottom, as shown in Fig. 2. The two parts are held together by a cable and turnbuckle placed every
3 m along the length of the trough. Calculate the tension in each cable when the trough is filled to the rim.

Figure 3

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