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Arduino Cheat Sheet: Structure Digital I/O Data Types

This document provides a cheat sheet summary of key information about using Arduino. It outlines the basic structure of Arduino sketches with setup() and loop() functions, and summarizes various functions for digital and analog input/output, timing, mathematical and logical operations, and using libraries. It also provides an overview of common Arduino boards like the RedBoard and LilyPad Simple.

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Muhammad Wahyudin
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
652 views

Arduino Cheat Sheet: Structure Digital I/O Data Types

This document provides a cheat sheet summary of key information about using Arduino. It outlines the basic structure of Arduino sketches with setup() and loop() functions, and summarizes various functions for digital and analog input/output, timing, mathematical and logical operations, and using libraries. It also provides an overview of common Arduino boards like the RedBoard and LilyPad Simple.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Wahyudin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARDUINO CHEAT SHEET

For more information visit: http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/

Structure

/* Each Arduino sketch must contain the


following two functions. */

void setup()
{

/* this code runs once at the beginning of


the code execution. */

void loop()
{

/* this code runs repeatedly over and over


as long as the board is powered. */

Comments
// this is a single line
/* this is
a multiline */
Setup
pinMode(pin, [INPUT \ OUTPUT \ INPUT_PULLUP]);

/* Sets the mode of the digital I/O pin.


It can be set as an input, output, or an
input with an internal pull-up resistor.
*/

Digital I/O
digitalWrite(pin, val);

/* val = HIGH or LOW write a HIGH or a LOW


value to a digital pin. */

int var = digitalRead(pin);

/* Reads the value from a specified digital


pin, either HIGH or LOW. */

Analog I/O
analogWrite(pin, val);

/* Writes an analog value to a pin.


val = integer value from 0 to 255 */

int var = analogRead(pin);

/* Reads the value from the specified


analog pin. */

Advanced I/O
tone(pin, freq);

/* Generates a square wave of the specified


frequency to a pin. Pin must be one of the
PWM (~) pins. */

tone(pin, freq, duration);

/* Generates a square wave of the specified


frequency to a pin for a duration in
milliseconds. Pin must be one of the PWM (~)
pins. */

noTone(pin);

// Turns off the tone on the pin.

Control Structures
if(condition)
{

Time
delay(time_ms);

}
else
{

delayMicroseconds(time_us);

// if condition is TRUE, do something here

// otherwise, do this

for(initialization; condition; increment)


{
// do this

/* The for statement is used to repeat


a block of statements enclosed in curly
braces. An increment counter is usually
used to increment and terminate the loop.
*/

/* Pauses the program for the amount of time


(in milliseconds). */
/* Pauses the program for the amount of time
(in microseconds). */

millis();

/* Returns the number of milliseconds since


the board began running the current program.
max: 4,294,967,295 */

micros();

/* Returns the number of microseconds since


the board began running the current program.
max: 4,294,967,295 */

Data Types
void
//
boolean //
char
//
byte
//
int
//
long
/*
float

RedBoard:

nothing is returned
0, 1, false, true
8 bits: ASCII character
8 bits: 0 to 255, unsigned
16 bits: 32,768 to 32,767, signed
32 bits: 2,147,483,648
to 2,147,483,647, signed */
// 32 bits, signed decimal

Power In

USB to Computer
Reset

Constants
HIGH \ LOW
INPUT \ OUTPUT
true \ false
Mathematical Operators
= // assignment
+ // addition
- // subtraction
* // multiplication
/ // division
% // modulus
Logical Operators
== // boolean equal to
!= // not equal to
< // less than
> // greater than
<= // less than or equal to
>= // greater than or equal to
&& // Boolean AND
|| // Boolean OR
! // Boolean NOT
Bitwise Operators
& // bitwise AND
| // bitwise OR
^ // bitwise XOR
~ // bitwise INVERT
var << n // bitwise shift left by n bits
var >> n // bitwise shift right by n bits

SCL/SDA
(I2C Bus)

Power
5V / 3.3 / GND

Digital I/O
PWM(3,5,6,9,10,11)

Analog
Inputs
ATmega328
Microcontroller

LilyPad ProtoSnap Simple:

RGB LED
Switch Button

Vibe Motor

LEDs
(Light Emitting Diodes)

Libraries
#include <libraryname.h>

/* this provides access to special


additional functions for things such as
servo motors, SD card, wifi, or bluetooth.
*/

ATmega328
Microcontroller
Buzzer/
Speaker

Light
Sensor

Temperature
Sensor

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