Lane 1, Bla_carb; lane 2, wzi (cps); lane 3, integrative and conjugative element Kp258.2; lane 4, marR; lane 5, ompK35 gene (guanine insertion at nt position 121).

NBO probe explored stronger hyper conjugative interactions which are mainly responsible for the stability of the derivatives.

Genetic location of the tet (K) gene on small multicopy plasmids and tet(M) on conjugative transposons (Tn916-Tn1545 family) promotes the spread of these determinants [16].

Knapp, "Acquisition of [beta]-lactamase and TetM-containing Conjugative Plasmids by Phenotypically Different Strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae," Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol.

Canonically horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is dependent on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that include plasmids, transposons, bacteriophages, genomic islands, and integrative conjugative elements (ICEs).

Seventeen different types in the KPC family have been reported to date [9], among which one family is located on a conjugative plasmid that encodes resistance to gentamicin and tobramycin [10].

Conjugative plasmids have recently gained attention as potential targets because of the high frequency of antibiotic resistance arising from conjugation, which can be [10.sup.5] times as frequent as spontaneous chromosomal mutation conferring resistance, and indeed resistance against p-lactams and aminoglycosides has been largely spread by conjugative transfer.

enterocolitica are rare, (4) such as the conjugative plasmid (30-40 kb) transferring chloramphenicol, streptomycin, and sulfonamide resistance phenotypes from a sporadic Y.

sullae, symbiotic plasmid, Conjugative transfer, resistance to heavy metals, symbiosis.

Alarmingly, antimicrobial resistance genes from MDR strains can be transferred by transposons or pheromone-mediated conjugative plasmids not only to susceptible enterococcal isolates, but also to other more virulent nosocomial pathogens, like Staphylococcus aureus [5].

"Inducible transfer of conjugative transposon Tn1545 from Enterococcus faecalis to Listeria monocytogenes in the digestive tracts of gnotobiotic mice." Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 35(1):185-7.

[5] Enterococci often acquire antibiotic resistance through exchange of resistance encoding genes carried on conjugative transposons, pheromone-responsive plasmids, and other broad host range plasmids.

This is attributed to the weak polar, inductive and field effect of the substituents for predicting their reactivity on the UV absorption maximum values through resonance as per the conjugative structure shown in Figure 1.

The bla[sub]KPC-2and rmtB genes were located on the conjugative IncFIB-type plasmid.