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Ethnologue

Iran

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1 (National)

Persian, Iranian

[pes] 1 (National). Statutory national language (1979, Constitution, Article 15). 49,600,000 in Iran (2016), increasing. 800,000 Eastern Farsi in Khorasan speak dialects which are transitional with Iranian Persian. Total users in all countries: 52,782,160.

3 (Wider communication)

Azerbaijani, South

[azb] 3 (Wider communication). 10,900,000 in Iran (2016). Ethnic population: 15,900,000 (2014 J. Leclerc). Total users in all countries: 13,813,750.

Kurdish, Central

[ckb] 3 (Wider communication). De facto provincial working language in northwest. 527,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc). All Kurdish in Iran: 5,590,000 (2016).

4 (Educational)

Arabic, Standard

[arb] 4 (Educational). Recognized language (1979, Constitution, Article 16), used in education. 1,320,000 in Iran (2015 SIL), all users.

Armenian

[hye] 4 (Educational). 102,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Gilaki

[glk] 4 (Educational). 2,400,000 (2016), decreasing. 2,000 Galeshi.

5* (Developing)

Balochi, Southern

[bcc] 5* (Developing). 474,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc). All Balochi in Iran: 1,920,000 (2016).

Balochi, Western

[bgn] 5* (Developing). 704,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc). All Balochi in Iran: 1,920,000 (2016).

Mazandarani

[mzn] 5* (Developing). 2,340,000 (2016), decreasing. Some monolinguals in rural areas.

5* (Dispersed)

Dari

[prs] 5* (Dispersed). 370,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Georgian

[kat] 5* (Dispersed). 62,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Kazakh

[kaz] 5* (Dispersed). 3,000 in Iran (1982).

Kurdish, Northern

[kmr] 5* (Dispersed). 465,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc). All Kurdish in Iran: 5,590,000 (2016).

Pashto, Southern

[pbt] 5* (Dispersed). 113,000 in Iran (1993). Population does not include refugees.

Talysh

[tly] 5* (Dispersed). 146,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Turkmen

[tuk] 5* (Dispersed). 719,000 in Iran (2016).

6a* (Vigorous)

Aimaq

[aiq] 6a* (Vigorous). 221,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Arabic, Gulf Spoken

[afb] 6a* (Vigorous). 260,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Arabic, Mesopotamian Spoken

[acm] 6a* (Vigorous). 1,280,000 in Iran (2016).

Hazaragi

[haz] 6a* (Vigorous). 368,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc). Population increased significantly due to influx of Hazaragi-speaking refugees from Afghanistan.

Jadgali

[jdg] 6a* (Vigorous). 10,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Khalaj

[kjf] 6a* (Vigorous). 50,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Khorasani Turkish

[kmz] 6a* (Vigorous). 886,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Kurdish, Southern

[sdh] 6a* (Vigorous). 3,000,000 in Iran (Fattah 2000). All Kurdish in Iran: 5,590,000 (2016).

Lari

[lrl] 6a* (Vigorous). 112,000 (2014 J. Leclerc), increasing. Ethnic population: 100,000.

Parsi-Dari

[prd] 6a* (Vigorous). 350,000 (1999). Very few monolinguals.

Persian Sign Language

[psc] 6a* (Vigorous).

Shahmirzadi

[srz] 6a* (Vigorous).

6a (Vigorous)

Bakhtiâri

[bqi] 6a (Vigorous). 1,170,000 (2014 J. Leclerc). 350,000 monolinguals.

Kashkay

[qxq] 6a (Vigorous). 959,000 (2016). Ethnic population: 1,840,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Khalaj, Turkic

[klj] 6a (Vigorous). 51,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Laki

[lki] 6a (Vigorous). 1,160,000 (2014 J. Leclerc). 150,000 monolinguals.

Lasgerdi

[lsa] 6a (Vigorous). 1,000 (2006 census).

Luri, Northern

[lrc] 6a (Vigorous). 1,760,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Luri, Southern

[luz] 6a (Vigorous). 1,080,000 (2014 J. Leclerc), increasing. 300,000 monolinguals.

Sangisari

[sgr] 6a (Vigorous). 36,000 (2006 census).

Semnani

[smy] 6a (Vigorous). 65,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Sorkhei

[sqo] 6a (Vigorous). 10,000 (2006 census).

6b* (Threatened)

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

[aii] 6b* (Threatened). 15,000 in Iran (1994). Ethnic population: 103,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Brahui

[brh] 6b* (Threatened). 22,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc), increasing.

Laraki

[zum] 6b* (Threatened). 700 in Iran, all users. L1 users: 670 in Iran (Anonby and Yousefian 2011). L2 users: 30 (Anonby and Yousefian 2011). 70 monolinguals (Anonby and Yousefian 2011).

Natanzi

[ntz] 6b* (Threatened). 7,030 (2000).

Nayini

[nyq] 6b* (Threatened). 7,030 (2000).

Soi

[soj] 6b* (Threatened). 7,030 (2000).

7 (Shifting)

Alviri-Vidari

[avd] 7 (Shifting).

Ashtiani

[atn] 7 (Shifting). 25,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Bashkardi

[bsg] 7 (Shifting). 7,030 (2000).

Dzhidi

[jpr] 7 (Shifting).

Eshtehardi

[esh] 7 (Shifting).

Fars, Northwestern

[faz] 7 (Shifting).

Fars, Southwestern

[fay] 7 (Shifting). 100,000 (2012).

Gazi

[gzi] 7 (Shifting). 7,030 (2000).

Gozarkhani

[goz] 7 (Shifting).

Gurani

[hac] 7 (Shifting). 180,000 in Iran (Paul 2007). Population provisionally estimated to be two-thirds of the 300,000 speakers in Iran and Iraq (2007 L. Paul). Total users in all countries: 300,000.

Harzani

[hrz] 7 (Shifting). 33,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Kabatei

[xkp] 7 (Shifting).

Kajali

[xkj] 7 (Shifting).

Karingani

[kgn] 7 (Shifting). 21,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Kho’ini

[xkc] 7 (Shifting).

Khunsari

[kfm] 7 (Shifting). 25,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Koresh-e Rostam

[okh] 7 (Shifting).

Maraghei

[vmh] 7 (Shifting).

Razajerdi

[rat] 7 (Shifting).

Romani, Balkan

[rmn] 7 (Shifting). 34,000 in Iran (2014 J. Leclerc).

Rudbari

[rdb] 7 (Shifting).

Shahrudi

[shm] 7 (Shifting).

Sivandi

[siy] 7 (Shifting). 7,030 (2000).

Takestani

[tks] 7 (Shifting). 374,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

Taromi, Upper

[tov] 7 (Shifting).

Vafsi

[vaf] 7 (Shifting). 21,000 (2014 J. Leclerc).

8a (Moribund)

Dari, Zoroastrian

[gbz] 8a (Moribund). 8,000 (1999).

Hulaulá

[huy] 8a (Moribund). 350 in Iran.

Mandaic

[mid] 8a (Moribund). 100 in Iran (2017). Ethnic population: 23,000.

Tat, Muslim

[ttt] 8a (Moribund). 8,000 in Iran.

8b (Nearly extinct)

Dezfuli

[def] 8b (Nearly extinct). Very few.

Koroshi

[ktl] 8b (Nearly extinct). 160. 40–50 families.

Senaya

[syn] 8b (Nearly extinct). 60 (1997 H. Mutzafi).

9 (Second language only)

Avestan

[ave] 9 (Second language only). No known L1 speakers. Ethnic population: No ethnic community.

Mandaic, Classical

[myz] 9 (Second language only). No known L1 speakers in Iran. Ethnic population: No ethnic community. Total users in all countries: none known.

10 (Extinct)

Salchuq

[slq] 10 (Extinct). No known L1 speakers.

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