küzd

Hungarian

FWOTD – 11 December 2013

Etymology

From Proto-Ugric or perhaps from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kᴕ̈śɜ (“competition, game; to compete, play”) ^[1] + -d (frequentative suffix).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈkyzd]
Hyphenation: küzd
Homophone: küzdd
Rhymes: -yzd

Verb

küzd

(intransitive, reciprocal) to fight (whether literally or figuratively; for something: -ért or against something: ellen; (optionally) with someone or something: -val/-vel)
Synonyms: harcol, viaskodik
(intransitive) to struggle, to strive (to labour in difficulty)
- 1861, Imre Madách, The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája), play, scene 15; English translation by Iain MacLeod:
  Mondottam, ember: küzdj és bízva bízzál!
  Have faith, Adam, and fight the noble fight!
  (Literally: “I’ve spoken, man, strive on and trust a-trusting!”)

Conjugation

conjugation of küzd

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	küzdök	küzdesz	küzd	küzdünk	küzdötök	küzdenek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	küzdöttem	küzdöttél	küzdött	küzdöttünk	küzdöttetek	küzdöttek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. küzdeni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	küzdék	küzdél	küzde	küzdénk	küzdétek	küzdének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. küzd vala, küzdött vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	küzdendek	küzdendesz	küzdend	küzdendünk	küzdendetek	küzdendenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	küzdenék	küzdenél	küzdene	küzdenénk	küzdenétek	küzdenének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. küzdött volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	küzdjek	küzdj or küzdjél	küzdjön	küzdjünk	küzdjetek	küzdjenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. küzdött légyen
Infinitive	küzdeni		küzdenem	küzdened	küzdenie	küzdenünk	küzdenetek	küzdeniük
Other forms	küzdés		küzdő	küzdött	―	küzdve (küzdvén)

potential conjugation of küzd

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	küzdhetek	küzdhetsz	küzdhet	küzdhetünk	küzdhettek	küzdhetnek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	küzdhettem	küzdhettél	küzdhetett	küzdhettünk	küzdhettetek	küzdhettek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	küzdheték	küzdhetél	küzdhete	küzdheténk	küzdhetétek	küzdhetének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. küzdhet vala, küzdhetett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	küzdhetendek or küzdandhatok	küzdhetendesz or küzdandhatsz	küzdhetend or küzdandhat	küzdhetendünk or küzdandhatunk	küzdhetendetek or küzdandhattok	küzdhetendenek or küzdandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	küzdhetnék	küzdhetnél	küzdhetne	küzdhetnénk	küzdhetnétek	küzdhetnének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. küzdhetett volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	küzdhessek	küzdhess or küzdhessél	küzdhessen	küzdhessünk	küzdhessetek	küzdhessenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. küzdhetett légyen
Inf.	(küzdhetni)		(küzdhetnem)	(küzdhetned)	(küzdhetnie)	(küzdhetnünk)	(küzdhetnetek)	(küzdhetniük)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(küzdhetve / küzdhetvén)

or less commonly

conjugation of küzd

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	küzdök	küzdesz	küzd	küzdünk	küzdötök or küzdtök	küzdenek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	küzdtem	küzdtél	küzdött	küzdtünk	küzdtetek	küzdtek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. küzdeni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	küzdék	küzdél	küzde	küzdénk	küzdétek	küzdének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. küzd vala, küzdött vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	küzdendek	küzdendesz	küzdend	küzdendünk	küzdendetek	küzdendenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	küzdenék	küzdenél	küzdene	küzdenénk	küzdenétek	küzdenének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. küzdött volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	küzdjek	küzdj or küzdjél	küzdjön	küzdjünk	küzdjetek	küzdjenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. küzdött légyen
Infinitive	küzdeni		küzdenem	küzdened	küzdenie	küzdenünk	küzdenetek	küzdeniük
Other forms	küzdés		küzdő	küzdött	―	küzdve (küzdvén)

potential conjugation of küzd

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	küzdhetek	küzdhetsz	küzdhet	küzdhetünk	küzdhettek	küzdhetnek
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	küzdhettem	küzdhettél	küzdhetett	küzdhettünk	küzdhettetek	küzdhettek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	küzdheték	küzdhetél	küzdhete	küzdheténk	küzdhetétek	küzdhetének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. küzdhet vala, küzdhetett vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	küzdhetendek or küzdandhatok	küzdhetendesz or küzdandhatsz	küzdhetend or küzdandhat	küzdhetendünk or küzdandhatunk	küzdhetendetek or küzdandhattok	küzdhetendenek or küzdandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	küzdhetnék	küzdhetnél	küzdhetne	küzdhetnénk	küzdhetnétek	küzdhetnének
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. küzdhetett volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	küzdhessek	küzdhess or küzdhessél	küzdhessen	küzdhessünk	küzdhessetek	küzdhessenek
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. küzdhetett légyen
Inf.	(küzdhetni)		(küzdhetnem)	(küzdhetned)	(küzdhetnie)	(küzdhetnünk)	(küzdhetnetek)	(küzdhetniük)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(küzdhetve / küzdhetvén)

Derived terms

Compound words

küzdősport

(With verbal prefixes):

Related terms

küszködik

References

^ Entry #447 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
^ küzd in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)