تاوان

Ottoman Turkish

تاوان

Alternative forms

• طاوان (tavan), طوان (tavan)

Etymology

Unknown. Nişanyan does not consider Old Turkic [script needed] (taban) to be related and doubts the similar Classical Syriac ܬܘܢܐ (tawwān, “room”) is the origin.

Noun

تاوان • (tavan)

1. ceiling, the overhead interior surface that covers the upper limits of a room

   Synonym: سقف (sekf)

Derived terms

• آغز تاوانی (ağız tavanı, “palate of the mouth”)
• تاوان آراسی (tavan arası, “space between the ceiling and the roof”)
• تاوان دلیكی (tavan deliği, “oculus, skylight”)
• تاوان سوپورگه‌سی (tavan süpürgesi, “ceiling broom”)
• تاوان گوبكی (tavan göbeği, “central ornament of a ceiling”)
• تاوانلامق (tavanlamak, “to ceil”)
• تاوانلتمق (tavanlatmak, “to make or let be ceiled”)
• تاوانلنمق (tavanlanmak, “to be ceiled”)
• تكنه تاوان (tekne tavan, “concave ceiling”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: tavan
• → Albanian: tavan
• → Armenian: թավան (tʻavan)
• → Bulgarian: таван (tavan)
• → Crimean Tatar: tavan
• → Greek: ταβάνι (taváni)
• → Macedonian: таван (tavan)
• → Romanian: tavan
• → Serbo-Croatian: tavan, таван

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “tavan1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4642
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “تاوان”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 143b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “تاوان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 338
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Laquear”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 915
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “تاوان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 1047
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tavan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “تاوان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 481

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (t'dw'n' /⁠tāvān⁠/, “compensation, obligation”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [tɑː.wɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑː.wɑːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑː.wɑːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑː.wɑːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔː.wɔːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɒː.vɒːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔ.vɔn]

Readings
Classical reading?	tāwān
Dari reading?	tāwān
Iranian reading?	tâvân
Tajik reading?	tovon

Noun

تاوان • (tâvân) (plural تاوان ها (tâvân-hâ))

1. punishment, penalty, compensation.

References

Mackenzie, D. N. (1971) A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary. p. 82. Retrieved December 16, 2022.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Persian تاوان (tâvân).

Noun

تاوان (tāvān)

1. loss, damage