The '''Kolmogorov axioms''' are the foundations of [[probability theory]] introduced by Russian mathematician [[Andrey Kolmogorov]] in 1933.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Foundations of the theory of probability |url=https://archive.org/details/foundationsofthe00kolm |last=Kolmogorov |first=Andrey |publisher=Chelsea Publishing Company |year=1950 |orig-year=1933 |location=New York, USA }}</ref> These axioms remain central and have direct contributions to mathematics, the physical sciences, and real-world probability cases.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.stat.berkeley.edu/~aldous/Real_World/kolmogorov.html |title=What is the significance of the Kolmogorov axioms? |last=Aldous |first=David |website=David Aldous |access-date=November 19, 2019}}</ref> An alternative approach to formalising probability, favoured by some [[Bayesian theory|Bayesians]], is given by [[Cox's theorem]].<ref>{{Cite document |title=Cox's Theorem and the Jaynesian Interpretation of Probability |url=https://archive.org/details/arxiv-1507.06597 |author1=Terenin Alexander |author2=David Draper |arxiv = 1507.06597 |year = 2015 |publisher=arXiv.org |bibcode = 2015arXiv150706597T}}</ref>