Salivary gland neoplasms, thyroglossal duct cyst, laryngocele, teratoma, dermoid cyst, thymic cyst, paraganglioma, neurinoma and lipomas should be considered in differential diagnosis.

Atypical presentation of a cervical breast-cancer metastasis mimicking a dumbbell-shaped neurinoma. Int J Surg Case Rep.

Benign tumors were reported as glomus tumor, epidermal cyst, giant-cell tumors of the tendon sheath, pyogenic granuloma, neurinoma, schwannoma, lipoma, cystic hygroma, hemangioma, arteriovenous malformation, fibroma, fibrolipoma, ganglion cyst, infantile digital myofibroblastoma, dermatofibroma, and verruca vulgaris; whereas the malignant tumors were identified as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), malignant melanoma, fibrohistiocytic malignant tumor, and synovial sarcoma.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) imaging of the brain, spinal column, and abdomen and X-ray examination of all long bones revealed multiple brain hamartomas and one neurinoma at the 10th vertebra of the thoracic spine.

Peripheral nerve tumors that may manifest in oral cavity includes several differentials such as schwannoma (also known as neurilemmoma or peripheral nerve sheath tumor), neurofibroma, neurinoma in association with multiple endocrine neoplasia, palisaded encapsulated neurinoma, traumatic neuroma and granular cell tumor.2,5 Immunohistochemical reactivity against S-100 and neuron-specific enolase is an essential tool to differentiate these tumors from spindle cell neoplasms of other origin (myofibroblastic tumors, tumors of muscle tissue origin, and fibroblastic tumors).

The syndrome also might be caused by brainstem infarction, carotid artery dissection, toxic goiter, superior mediastinal neurinoma, syringomyelia, multiple sclerosis, internal jugular vein catheterization, and iatrogenic effects of invasive procedures [5].

Kurokawa, "Resection of cervical spinal neurinoma including affected nerve root.

The schwannoma is also known as neurilemmoma, neurinoma, or perineural neuroblastoma.

In addition to being a good indicator of traumas to CNS, S-100 can be applied as tumor marker in the patients with neurilemmoma, neurinoma, glioblastoma, astrocytoma, and meningeoma.

Estudos realizados verificaram o valor do VEMP no diagnostico e monitoramento de diversas doencas de origem central e periferica: doenca de Meniere, (16-21) trauma acustico, (22) fenomeno de Tullio, (7) degeneracao espinocerebelar, (23) deiscencia do canal vestibular superior, (24) neurinoma do acustico, (11) esclerose multipla, (9, 10, 25-26) vertigem posicional paroxistica benigna, (27) neuronite vestibular, (28) entre outras.