The wine industry has several famous cases where this has happened, such as grape phylloxera, leaf-roll viruses, red-blotch virus, vine mealybug, glassywinged sharpshooter and, most recently in the Northeast, the spotted lanternfly.

Their best leads come from commercial use of frost grape rootstocks to confer cultivated varieties with resistance to an aphid-like pest, the grape phylloxera. "We think the polysaccharide gums up the insect's feeding parts, protecting the plant from damage by this pathogen," says Price.--By Jan Suszkiw, Agricultural Research Service Information Staff.

Once a thriving wine country, with early settlers supplying Gold Rush communities with spirits and fruit, El Dorado's wine grape industry suffered during Prohibition and from grape phylloxera.

Clone lineages of grape phylloxera differ in their performance on Vitis vinifera.

However, MALB were the only lady beetles found in vineyards feeding on grape phylloxera. From mid-summer and into early fall they were present on mung beans.