ÿþ<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns:css="http://macVmlSchemaUri" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta name=Title content="Proposal to South American Classification Committee"> <meta name=Keywords content=""> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=macintosh"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 2008"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 2008"> <link rel=File-List href="SACCprop491_files/filelist.xml"> <title>Proposal to South American Classification Committee</title> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>ANON ANON</o:Author> <o:Template>Normal.dotm</o:Template> <o:LastAuthor>James Remsen</o:LastAuthor> <o:Revision>2</o:Revision> <o:TotalTime>14</o:TotalTime> <o:Created>2012-03-21T03:19:00Z</o:Created> <o:LastSaved>2012-03-21T03:19:00Z</o:LastSaved> <o:Pages>1</o:Pages> <o:Words>564</o:Words> <o:Characters>3219</o:Characters> <o:Company>LSU Museum of Natural Science</o:Company> <o:Lines>26</o:Lines> <o:Paragraphs>6</o:Paragraphs> <o:CharactersWithSpaces>3953</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:Version>12.0</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:SpellingState>Clean</w:SpellingState> <w:GrammarState>Clean</w:GrammarState> <w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery>0</w:DisplayHorizontalDrawingGridEvery> <w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery>0</w:DisplayVerticalDrawingGridEvery> <w:UseMarginsForDrawingGridOrigin/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas>false</w:ValidateAgainstSchemas> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotUnderlineInvalidXML/> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:UseNormalStyleForList/> <w:DontUseIndentAsNumberingTabStop/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:FELineBreak11/> <w:WW11IndentRules/> <w:DontAutofitConstrainedTables/> <w:AutofitLikeWW11/> <w:HangulWidthLikeWW11/> </w:Compatibility> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="276"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--> <style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Arial; 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font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial'><o:p><span style='text-decoration: none'>&nbsp;</span></o:p></span></u></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>491A.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Falconiformes and Psittaciformes<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial'><o:p><span style='text-decoration:none'>&nbsp;</span></o:p></span></u></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial'>Background</span></u></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>: In the current SACC list</span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Arial'> </span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>and practically all previous publications, these two orders are listed separately and far from Passeriformes: Falconiformes before Gruiformes, and Psittaciformes after Columbiformes. However, there is now substantial phylogenetic evidence for the relationship between the two groups and Passeriformes (Ericson<i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> et al</i>. 2006, Hackett <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>et al</i>. 2008). Hackett et al. pointed out: <span style='color:#2A2A2A'>&quot;<i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'>One of the most unexpected</i></span></span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'> </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#2A2A2A'>findings was the sister relationship</span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'> </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#2A2A2A'>between Passeriformes and Psittaciformes (node A, Fig. 2), with Falconidae (falcons) sister to this</span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'> </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#2A2A2A'>clade. This relationship varied slightly among</span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'> </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#2A2A2A'>analyses and gene-jackknifing (Fig. 1), yet the</span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'> </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#2A2A2A'>close relationship between passerines with parrots</span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'> </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#2A2A2A'>and/or falcons appeared consistently</span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#2A2A2A'>.&quot;</span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;color:#2A2A2A'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-list:none;mso-list-ins:mass 20110728T1103'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Recommendation</span></u></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>: </span></b></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>I recommend altering the position of the Falconiformes and Psittaciformes and placing them side-by-side before the Passeriformes:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'>Falconiformes<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'>Psittaciformes<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'>Passeriformes<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'>I vote <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>YES </b>to this proposal.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Arial'>Literature Cited:<o:p></o:p></span></u></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Ericson, P.G.P., Anderson, C.L., Britton, T., Elzanowski, A., Johansson, U.S., Källersjö, M., Ohlson, J.I., Parsons, T.J., Zuccon, D., and Mayr, G. 2006. Diversification of Neoaves: integration of molecular sequence data and fossils. <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Biol. Lett.</i> <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>2</b> 543-547.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;text-indent:-.5in;mso-pagination: none;mso-layout-grid-align:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Hackett, S.J, Kimball, R.T., Reddy, S., Bowie, R.C.K., Braun, E.L., Braun, M.J., Chojnowski, J.L., Cox, W.A., Han, K., Harshman, J., Huddleston, C.J., Marks, B.D., Miglia, K.J., Moore, W.S., Sheldon, F.H., Steadman, D.W., Witt, C.C., and Yuri, T. 2008. A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history. <i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'>Science</i>. 320 1760.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Manuel Nores, July 2011<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <div style='mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Note added by Remsen, Sep. 11</span></u></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Additional support for Psittaciformes-Passeriformes relationship found by <span class=SpellE>Suh</span> et al. (2011).<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>491B.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Cariamiformes<o:p></o:p></span></b></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></b></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>When asked to comment on 491, Keith Barker sent Remsen the following: <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'> </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica'>If those rearrangements are to be made, then seriemas should be moved near these taxa as well.&nbsp; Although the relationship isn't strongly supported in the Hackett et al. tree, it receives moderate support, and it is corroborated by Ericson et al. 2006 (Biol. <span class=SpellE>Lett</span>. 2:543), where it receives &gt;=0.95 posterior probability (for whatever that's worth).<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica; mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Helvetica;mso-bidi-font-family:Helvetica'> I hear that more recent analyses increase support for a parrot/passerine relationship, and this seems to be supported by &quot;whole genome&quot; shotgun sequencing (<span class=SpellE>Nabholz</span> et al. 2011, MBE 28:2197) so these two taxa should definitely be the last two.&nbsp; Based on current results, I would probably put Seriemas then falcons just before parrots and passerines. </span></i></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></span></p> <div style='mso-element:para-border-div;border:none;border-bottom:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'>Because there is no support for our current position of the Cariamiformes (arbitrarily residing between <span class=SpellE>Eurypigifomes</span> and Charadriiformes as a holdover from its former position in Gruiformes), I think we should also move the Cariamiformes to precede Falconiformes as per above.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>At least there is some support for that position (vs. plenty of support against its current position).<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;border:none; mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt;padding:0in;mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;font-family: Arial'>Van Remsen, July 2011<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='border:none;mso-border-bottom-alt:double windowtext 2.25pt; padding:0in;mso-padding-alt:0in 0in 1.0pt 0in'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> </div> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></i></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-family:Arial'>Comments from Pacheco</span></u></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial'>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica'> A .YES. <span class=SpellE>Atendendo</span> <span class=SpellE>aos</span> <span class=SpellE>resultados</span> <span class=SpellE>alcançados</span> <span class=SpellE>por</span> <span class=SpellE>três</span> <span class=SpellE>filogenias</span> <span class=SpellE>independemente</span> <span class=SpellE>implementadas</span>.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica'> B. YES. A nova <span class=SpellE>posição</span> do <span class=SpellE>recém</span> <span class=SpellE>reconhecido</span> Cariamiformes <span class=SpellE>representa</span> um <span class=SpellE>avanço</span> <span class=SpellE>ao</span> <span class=SpellE>conhecimento</span>. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-family:Arial'>Comments from Jaramillo</span></u></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial'>:<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoTitle align=left style='text-align:left'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial; font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'> <span class=GramE>A .</span> YES.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>The data are strong and consistent for putting Falconiformes and Psittaciformes before Passeriformes. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoTitle align=left style='text-align:left'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial; font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;mso-bidi-font-style:italic'> B. YES. Although not as strong and consistent as data for part A of this, the burden of proof is on those who want to continue considering the Cariamidae as part of the Gruiformes. Furthermore, once familiar with Cariamidae in life, they are very unlike anything in the Gruiformes; they really are the leftover of the <span class=SpellE>terrorbirds</span>! <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark: OLE_LINK1'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none; text-autospace:none'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><u><span style='font-family:Arial'>Comments from Zimmer</span></u></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial'>:  YES and YES for reasons stated in both proposals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>The evidence supporting the first change seems strong, and I second Alvaro s comments with regard to any relationship between the Cariamidae and the Gruiformes. </span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK2'><span style='mso-bookmark:OLE_LINK1'><span style='font-family:Arial;mso-bidi-font-family: Helvetica'><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> </div> </body> </html> pFad - Phonifier reborn

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