The most detailed description of circulus arteriosus cerebri was published by Kanan, but this work don't showed photographs and topography by sections of these vessels in relation to the different parts of the head and encephalon. Recently, other description was published by Kie?tyka-Kurc et al.

in an encephalon we aren't currently able to survey

The central nervous system (CNS), especially the encephalon, is isolated from the immune system by the blood-brain barrier (BBB),[5] which provides functional and structural support for the brain.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the encephalon indicates cerebellar vermis hypoplasia and mild dilatation of the cisterna magna (Figures 1 and 2).

However, the spinal cord is also an interesting model for neurodevelopmental toxicity studies because its structural organization is less complex than the encephalon and it has fewer tissue layers, allowing observation of the neurotoxic effects on cells at different stages of differentiation [14, 15, 30].

At necropsy, darkened blood (chocolatecolored; Figure 1C) of difficult coagulation, cherryred colored skeletal (Figure 1D) and cardiac (Figure 1E) musculature, stomach compartments dilated due to large amounts of gas, and lungs (Figure 1F), kidneys, liver and encephalon brownish-colored were observed.

B, The fresh encephalon has a pink-beige cortex that turns gray after formalin fixation (heme turned into hematin, see also Figure 3, B.

Montesinos, "Experimental effects of low power laser in encephalon and endorphin synthesis," Journal of European Medical Laser Association, vol.

Paralyses can be due to direct damage of the sixth cranial nerve, encephalon nuclei or less frequently, diffuse axonal damage.