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Barometrs

Vikipēdijas lapa
Mehāniskais barometrs

Barometrs (grieķu: βαρύς, baros — ‘smagums’, μετρέω, metron — ‘mērs’) ir mērinstruments, mēraparāts atmosfēras spiediena mērīšanai.[1]

Barometru veidi

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Vēsture

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1644. gadā itāļu fiziķis Evandželista Toričelli izdarīja eksperimentus ar viena galā noslēgtu ar dzīvsudrabu pildītu caurulīti. Viņš ievietoja to ar vaļējo galu uz leju dzīvsudraba vannā un konstatēja, ka caurule neizlija pilnīgi tukša. Caurulē palika 76 centimetru augsts dzīvsudraba stabs. Toričelli secināja, ka gaisa spiediens uz dzīvsudrabu vannā ir vienāds ar dzīvsudraba staba spiedienu caurulē. Viņš bija izgudrojis pirmo dzīvsudraba barometru. Toričelli konstatēja, ka gaisa spiediens ir atkarīgs no laikapstākļiem. Tāpēc kopš 1649. gada daudzviet Eiropā barometru sāka lietot, lai noteiktu gaidāmos laikapstākļus.

Skatīt arī

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Atsauces

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  1. ↑ Anita Biseniece. Kontinentu ģeogrāfija 7. klasei. Zvaigzne ABC, 2007, 210. lpp.


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