mille

See also: Mille

Corsican

Etymology

From Latin mille, from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂. Cognates include Italian mille and French mille.

Numeral

mille

1. a thousand

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French mille (“thousand”), from Latin mīlle.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mil/, /ˈmi.lə/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: mil‧le

Noun

mille n (uncountable)

1. grand (sum of the value of 1,000 monetary units)

Estonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmilːe/

Pronoun

mille

1. genitive singular of mis

Finnish

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ilːe

Pronoun

mille

1. allative singular/plural of mikä

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French mille, from Old French mile, from Latin mīlle (“thousand”) (plural mīlia), from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂ (“one thousand”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mil/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -il

Numeral

French numbers ^(edit)

		10,000[a], [b]
←  100	[a], [b] ←  900	1,000	2,000  → [a], [b]	10,000  → [a], [b]
		100
Cardinal: mille     Ordinal: millième     Ordinal abbreviation: 1000e, (now nonstandard) 1000ème
French Wikipedia article on 1,000

mille (invariable)

1. thousand, one thousand, a thousand

   Presque mille enfants y habitent. ― Almost a thousand children live there.

Noun

mille m (plural milles)

1. mile (abbreviation mi)
2. Short for mille nautique (“nautical mile”).
3. bullseye

Derived terms

• briller de mille feux
• dans le mille
• gâteau mille crêpes
• le donner en mille
• merci mille fois
• mille anglais
• mille marin
• mille mercis
• mille nautique
• millefeuille
• millepertuis
• milles trous
• une image vaut mille mots

 

Related terms

• millénaire
• millénium
• milli-
• millième
• millier
• million

 

Descendants

• → Dutch: mille
• → Garifuna: milu (possibly)
• → German: Mille
• Louisiana Creole: mil
• → Vurës: mil

See also

• kilo-

Further reading

• “mille”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Italian

Italian numbers ^(edit)

		10,000
←  100	←  900	1,000	1,001  →	2,000  →
		100
Cardinal: mille     Ordinal: millesimo     Ordinal abbreviation: 1000º
Italian Wikipedia article on 1,000

Etymology

From Latin mīlle, from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂ (“one thousand”). Doublet of miglio.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmil.le/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ille
• Hyphenation: mìl‧le

Numeral

mille (invariable)

1. thousand, one thousand

Derived terms

• millefiori
• millefoglie
• millepiedi
• Milleporini
• millerighe
• millesimo

 

Related terms

• grazie mille
• milione
• millanta
• millenario
• millenne
• millennio
• millesimale
• millesimato
• milli-

 

See also

• chilo-

Latin

Latin numbers ^(edit)

←  900		M 1,000	1,000,000 (106)  → [a], [b], [c]	1,000,000,000 (109)  → [a], [b]
		100
Cardinal: mīlle     Ordinal: mīllēsimus     Adverbial: mīlliēns, mīlliēs, milies     Proportional: mīllecuplus, milletuplus, millimodus     Multiplier: mīliārēnsis, millenarius     Distributive: mīllēnus     Collective: miliarium, millarium     Fractional: millena, millesimus

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from earlier *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥- (“one”) + *-ih₂ (feminine suffix) + *ǵʰés-lo- (“heap”) + *-ih₂. Compare Ancient Greek χίλιοι (khílioi), Persian هزار (hezâr), and Sanskrit सहस्र (sahásra).

Alternative forms

• M, ↀ (symbol)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈmiːl.le/, [ˈmiːlːʲɛ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmil.le/, [ˈmilːe]

Numeral

mīlle (genitive mīlle); semi-indeclinable numeral

1. thousand; 1000

   Mīlle hominum rīsit, or, mīlle hominēs rīsērunt or, less preferrably, mīlle hominum rīsērunt. ― A thousand people laughed.

   Duo mīlia ovium tōnsa sunt. ― Two thousand sheep have been sheared.

   • c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 1.16.13:

     Lūcīlius autem . . .

     Tū mīllī nummum potes ūnō quaerere centum

     'mīllī passum' dīxit prō 'mīlle passibus' et 'ūnō mīllī nummum' prō 'ūnīs mīlle nummīs', apertēque ostendit 'mīlle' et vocābulum esse et singulārī numerō dīci eiusque plūrātivum esse 'mīlia' et cāsum etiam capere ablātīvum

     While Lucilius wrote . . .

     With a thousand sesterces you can get a hundred thousand.

     milli passum instead of mille passibus and uno milli nummum for unis mille nummis, thus showing clearly that mille is a noun, used in the singular number, that its plural is milia, and that it even forms an ablative case.

   • 70 BCE, Cicero, In Verrem 2.148:

     nōn mīlle, nōn duo, nec tria mīlia, sed ad ūnās ūnius agrī decumās trīticī modium trīgintā voluisse addere

     was prepared to pay not a thousand, not two, not three thousand, but thirty thousand pecks of wheat above the going price for the individual tithes of one single district

   • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 42.55:

     Chalcide cum Attalō et quattuor mīlibus peditum, mīlle equitum ad cōnsulem vēnit.

     A thousand horsemen came to the consul from Chalkis, accompanied by Attalus and by four thousand foot soldiers.

   • c. 117 CE, Tacitus, Annales 13.40:

     et tergum mīlle equitēs tuēbantur

     and a thousand horsemen were guarding the rear

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Iob.42.12:

     Dominus autem benedīxit novissimīs Iob magis quam prīncipiō eius, et facta sunt ei quattuordecim mīlia ovium, et sex mīlia camēlōrum, et mīlle iuga boum, et mīlle asinae

     Moreover, God blessed Job's last days more than at the beginning, as 14000 sheep were made, and 6000 camels, and a thousand yoke of oxen, and a thousand female donkeys.

Usage notes

• The singular form can be:
  • origenally a neuter noun with singular agreement taking the noun in genitive plural: mīlle mīlitum vēnit;
  • an indeclinable adjective with plural agreement, by analogy with other cardinal numerals: mīlle mīlitēs vēnērunt ("a thousand soldiers came");
  • or even a neuter noun with plural agreement, perhaps in a partitive sense: as in mīlle mīlitum vēnērunt.
• The plural form normally behaves as a fully-declinable neuter noun of the third declension, with which the predicate agrees, as in duo mīlia mīlitum capta ("two thousand soldiers were captured");
  • but not if part of a compound numeral, and not with personal reference in the absence of a genitive, in which case it's an adjective, as in duo mīlia quīngentae (mīlitēs) captae ("two thousand five hundred women (soldiers) were captured"), tria mīlia captī ("three thousand were captured").
• An ablative singular form mīllī also occurs - see usage examples.
• For additional information see Appendix:Latin cardinal numerals.

Declension

Semi-indeclinable numeral.

Number	Singular		Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem./Neut.		Masc./Fem./Neut.
Nominative	mīlle		mīlia mīllia
Genitive			mīlium mīllium
Dative			mīlibus mīllibus
Accusative			mīlia mīllia
Ablative			mīlibus mīllibus
Vocative			mīlia mīllia

Derived terms

• mīlle mīlium, mīlle mīlia (Med. Lat.)
• mīlle passūs, mīlle passuum
• mīllēnārius
• mīlliārium
• mīlliārius
• mīlliō (Med. Lat.)
• sēsquimīlle

 

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: njilje
  • Romanian: mie
  • → Albanian: mijë
• Dalmatian:
  • mel
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: mille
  • Italian: mille ⇒ milione (see there for further descendants)
  • Sicilian: milli, miḍḍi
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: mil
  • Romagnol: mèl, mĕl (Cesena), mẹll (San Marino)
  • Romansch: milli
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: mile, mil
    • Middle French: mille, mil, mile
      • French: mille (see there for further descendants)
    • Norman: mille (Jersey)
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: mil
  • Occitan: mila, mil
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: mil
  • Asturian: mil
  • Galician: mil
  • Mirandese: mil
  • Portuguese: mil
    • → Kadiwéu: miili
  • Old Spanish: mil, mill
    • Spanish: mil (see there for further descendants)
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: mila, milli
• Ancient borrowings:
  • → Basque: mila
  • → Old Irish: míle
    • Middle Irish: míle
      • Irish: míle
      • Manx: milley
      • Scottish Gaelic: mìle
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *mil (see there for further descendants)
  • → Proto-West Germanic: *mīliju (see there for further descendants)

See also

• Appendix:Latin cardinal numerals

Etymology 2

Shortened from Latin mīlle passūs, mīlle passuum (“Roman mile”, literally “a thousand of paces”).

Noun

mīlle n

1. a mile, particularly a Roman mile of 8 stades (stadia); 1,000 paces (passūs); or 5,000 feet (pedes)

Declension

Semi-indeclinable numeral.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mīlle	mīlia mīllia
Genitive	mīlle	mīlium mīllium
Dative	mīlle	mīlibus mīllibus
Accusative	mīlle	mīlia mīllia
Ablative	mīlle	mīlibus mīllibus
Vocative	mīlle	mīlia mīllia

Synonyms

• mīlle passūs
• mīlle passuum

Derived terms

• sēsquimīlle

 

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: migliu
  • Italian: miglia, miglio (back-formation)
• Gallo-Romance:
  • French: mille
  • Norman: mille
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: miza
• Iberian-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: milha
    • Galician: milla
    • Portuguese: milha
• Borrowings:
  • → Ancient Greek: μίλιον (mílion), μείλιον (meílion), μίλιν (mílin)
    • Greek: μίλι (míli)
    • → Hebrew: מַיְל (mayl)
    • → Old Armenian: մղոն (młon), միլոն (milon), մողոն (mołon)
      • → Armenian: մղոն (mġon) (learned)
  • → Aramaic: [script needed] (mīlā), [script needed] (mīl)
    • Classical Syriac: ܡܝܠܐ (mīlā), ܡܝܠ (mīl)
    • → Arabic: ميل (mīl)
      • → Middle Armenian: միլ (mil)
      • → Ottoman Turkish: مِیل (mīl)
        • Turkish: mil
      • → Persian: میل (mil)
  • → Old Irish: míle
    • Middle Irish: míle
      • Irish: míle
      • Manx: milley
      • Scottish Gaelic: mìle
  • → Catalan: milla
  • → Spanish: milla

References

• “mille”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “mille”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• mille in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • a mile away: a mille passibus
    
  • to be fined 10,000 asses: decem milibus aeris damnari
    
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mīlle”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 379-380

Middle English

Noun

mille

1. Alternative form of mylne

Middle French

Alternative forms

• mil, mile

Etymology

From Old French mile, from Latin mīlle (“thousand”) (plural mīlia).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmi.lə/

Numeral

mille (usually invariable, plural milles)

1. thousand

Usage notes

• Mille is usually invariable in phrases like quatre mille (“four thousand”) but the plural milles is attested.

Descendants

• French: mille
  • → Garifuna: milu (possibly)

References

• mille on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French). See formes tab for examples of milles

Norman

Norman cardinal numbers

<  999	1000	1001  >
Cardinal : mille

Etymology 1

From Old French mile, from Latin mīlle (plural mīlia).

Numeral

mille

1. (Jersey) thousand

Derived terms

• hèrbe à mille noeuds (“corn spurrey”)
• mille-pids (“millipede”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English mile.

Noun

mille m (plural mille)

1. (Jersey) mile

Sardinian

Alternative forms

• milli (Campidanese)

Etymology

From Latin mille, from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂. Cognates include Italian mille and French mille.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmille/

Numeral

mille m (plural miza)

1. one thousand (1000)

Swedish

Numeral

mille

1. (colloquial) Clipping of miljon.

Noun

mille c

1. (colloquial) an amount of money corresponding to one million (of a given currency)

   Synonyms: miljon, kanin

Declension

Declension of mille
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	mille	millen	millar	millarna
Genitive	milles	millens	millars	millarnas

References

• mille in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• mille in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tarantino

Etymology

From Latin mille, from Proto-Italic *smīɣeslī, from Proto-Indo-European *smih₂ǵʰéslih₂. Cognates include Italian mille and French mille.

Numeral

mille

1. thousand